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Chattopadhyay, Rabindranath
- Establishing the Formulae for Perimeter and Area of a Circle and of an Ellipse and the Value of π
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Haripal G. D. Institution, Khamarchandi, 712405, Hooghly, West Bengal, IN
1 Haripal G. D. Institution, Khamarchandi, 712405, Hooghly, West Bengal, IN
Source
Indian Science Cruiser, Vol 31, No 4 (2017), Pagination: 54-58Abstract
An interesting school-level activity method is applied to find out the formulae for perimeter and area of a circle and an ellipse and then comparing these with the well-known conventional formulae the value of ‘π’ is found out.
References
- ‘Differential and Integral Calculus’, N.Piskunov, Vol.1 Mir Publishers, Moscow
- A Few Basic Queries and Their Probable Answers
Abstract Views :244 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Haripal G.D. Institution, Hooghly-712405, W.B., IN
1 Haripal G.D. Institution, Hooghly-712405, W.B., IN
Source
Indian Science Cruiser, Vol 30, No 6 (2016), Pagination: 9-12Abstract
Many undergraduate students eventually encounter some of the basic queries that evolve out of their own way of thinking. Those queries are seldom discussed with rigour and importance in most of the text book and are therefore rarely provided with proper answer. In this article some such basic questions are answered on the basis of some fundamental principle and simple mathematics.- On the Solution of a Physics Problem of 'Moment of Inertia'
Abstract Views :299 |
PDF Views:6
Authors
Affiliations
1 Haripal G.D.Institution, 712405, Hooghly, WB, IN
1 Haripal G.D.Institution, 712405, Hooghly, WB, IN
Source
Indian Science Cruiser, Vol 32, No 1 (2018), Pagination: 13-15Abstract
A problem, usually given sometimes in various entrance examination, from the chapter of rotational motion of rigid body, is considered here and a brief critical analysis of the same is presented in this article.- Dr. Asima Chattopadhyay's Short Biographical Sketch
Abstract Views :273 |
PDF Views:96
Authors
Affiliations
1 Haripal G.D.Institution, Hooghly-712405, W.B., IN
1 Haripal G.D.Institution, Hooghly-712405, W.B., IN
Source
Indian Science Cruiser, Vol 32, No 3 (2018), Pagination: 8-9Abstract
Thakurdas Mukhopadhyay’s son was “Haran Mukhopadhyay’. Haran Mukhopadhyay had two sons named Nanigopal Mukhopadhyay and Indranarayan Mukhopadhyay. Nanigopal was a professor in the department of English of Bangabasi College, Calcutta. Nanigopal’s only son Amiya Bhusan Mukhopadhyay was a Doctor. Indranarayan, who himself was a Doctor had a son named Sarasi Ranjan Mukhopadhyay and a daughter named Asima Mukhopadhyay.Sarasi Ranjan became a Doctor and served as vice-principal of R.G.Kar Medical College,Calcutta. Asima Mukhopadhyay studied Chemistry and became the then first ever women in Asia to obtain D.Sc. degree. She was married to Professor Barada Ranjan Chattopadhyay of Shibpur Engineering College and then onward was well-known as Prof. Asima Chattopadhyay.Full Text
- Maxwell-Boltzman Velocity-Distribution Formula: A New Approach
Abstract Views :181 |
PDF Views:3
Authors
Affiliations
1 Haripal G.D. Institution, 712405, Hooghly, West Bengal, IN
1 Haripal G.D. Institution, 712405, Hooghly, West Bengal, IN
Source
Indian Science Cruiser, Vol 29, No 4 (2015), Pagination: 45-48Abstract
Generally MB velocity-distribution formula is derived, as is included in most of the College textbooks, applying rigorous statistical method of finding probability and of finding dispersion relation with standard deviation to randomly moving gas-molecules as Gibbsian ensemble. With the progress of that method, frankly speaking, common-man-physics gets lost and people become unable to establish any prompt connection between that method and reality of any kind in the objective world around him. Here is a simpler method of deriving the same formula which is, perhaps, far simpler to grasp.
- Geospatial Comparison of Three Models to Predict Soil Properties in Semi-Humid Region of West Bengal, India
Abstract Views :332 |
PDF Views:8
Authors
Rajaram Majhi
1,
Gouri Sankar Bhunia
2,
Tapan Kumar Das
3,
Pravat Kumar Shit
4,
Rabindranath Chattopadhyay
5
Affiliations
1 Department of Geography, F.M. University, Balasore, Orissa, IN
2 Bihar Remote Sensing Application Centre, IGSC Planetarium, Bailer Road, Patna-800001, IN
3 Department of Geography, Cooch Behar College, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, IN
4 Department of Geography, Raja N.L.Khan Women’s College, Gope Palace, Medinipur 721102, West Bengal, IN
5 Regional Development Center, IIT, Kharagpur, IN
1 Department of Geography, F.M. University, Balasore, Orissa, IN
2 Bihar Remote Sensing Application Centre, IGSC Planetarium, Bailer Road, Patna-800001, IN
3 Department of Geography, Cooch Behar College, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, IN
4 Department of Geography, Raja N.L.Khan Women’s College, Gope Palace, Medinipur 721102, West Bengal, IN
5 Regional Development Center, IIT, Kharagpur, IN
Source
Indian Science Cruiser, Vol 32, No 5 (2018), Pagination: 37-47Abstract
Investigation of soil properties are important for sustainable soil nutrient management. This paper presented spatial variability of soil properties at large scale based on GIS based geostatistical model. A total 27 soil samples were collected and physio-chemical analysis in laboratory using standard methods. Three geostatistical models i.e. Inverse distance weighted, radial basis functions and ordinary kriging were used to predict spatial variability of soil properties. The ordinary krigging method has provided is the lowest RMSE, indicated the higher accuracy to predict the soil properties compared to RBF and IDW methods.Keywords
Nitrogen (N), Phosphorous (P), Potassium (K), Organic Carbon (OC), Electrical Conductivity (EC), Geostatistical Modelling.References
- G.S.Bhunia, P.K. shit, R. Maiti, 2016a. Comparison of GIS-based interpolation methods for spatial distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC), Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jssas.2016.02.001
- W. Zhang, K. L. Wang, H. S. Chen, X.Y. He, J. G. Zhang, 2012. Ancillary information improves kriging on soil organic carbon data for a typical karst peak cluster depression landscape. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 92(5): 1094−1102.
- L. Liu, H. Wang, W. Dai, X. Lei, X. Yang, X. Li, 2014. Spatial variability of soil organic carbon in the forestlands of northeast China. Journal of Forestry Research (2014) 25(4): 867−876.
- S. K. Behera, A. K. Shukla, 2015. Spatial distribution of surface soil acidity, electrical Conductivity, soil organic carbon content and exchangeable Potassium, calcium and magnesium in some cropped acid Soils of India. Land Degrad. Develop. 26: 71–79
- G. S. Bhunia, P. K. Shit, R. K. Maiti, 2016b. Spatial variability of soil organic carbon under different land useusing radial basis function (RBF).Model. Earth Syst. Environ. 2:17. DOI: 10.1007/s40808015-0070-x
- R. S. Phukan, 2015. Soil Health Card (SHC) for Indian Farmers. http://www.mapsofindia.com/myindia/government/soil-health-card-shc-for-indianfarmers
- H. Lin, D. Wheeler, J. Bell, and L. Wilding. 2005. Assessment of soil spatial variability atmultiplescales. Ecological Modeling 182:271– 290.
- Y. Qiu, B. Fu, J.Wang, and L. Chen. 2010. Spatial prediction of soil moisture content using multiplelinear regression in a gully catchment of the Loess Plateau, China. Journal of Arid Environment74:208–220.
- O.O. Joshua, O.O. Evelyn, C.T. Luis, C.O. Azubuike, M.G. Donald 2014. Assessment of Spatial Distribution ofSelected Soil Properties using Geospatial Statistical Tools.Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 45:2182–2200.
- T. M. Palmer, 2003. Spatial habitat heterogeneity influences competition and coexistence in an African acacia ant guild. Ecology 84:2843–2855.
- S. Kumar, T. J. Stohlgem, and G. W. Chong. 2006. Spatial heterogeneity influences native and nonnativespecies richness. Ecology 87:3186–3199.
- M. H. Young, T. G. Caldwell, D. G. Meadows, L. F. Fenstermaker, 2009. Variability of soilphysical and hydraulic properties at the Mojave global change facility, Nevada: Implications forwater budget and evapotranspiration. Journal of Arid Environments 73:733–744.
- S. E. Obalum, J. Oppong, C. A. Igwe, Y. Watanabe, and M. E. Obi. 2013. Spatial variability of uncultivated soils in derived savanna. International Agrophysics 27:57–67.
- D. R. Nielsen, O. Wendroth, 2003. Spatial and temporal statistics—Sampling field soils andtheir vegetation. Reiskirchen, German: Catena Verlag GMBH.
- R. Webster, M. A. Oliver, 2001. Statistical Methods in Soil Science and ResourceSurvey.Oxford University Press, New York, NY.
- K. Sumfleth, R. Duttmann, 2008. Prediction of soil property distribution inpaddy soil landscapes using terrain data and satellite information as indicators. Ecol. Indic. 8: 485-501
- L. A. Richards, 1954. Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils”, Agriculture Handbook 60, US Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, P. 160.
- M.L. Jackson, 1958. Soil Chemical Analysis. Prentice Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, 111–133.
- D. W. Nelson, L. E. Sommers, 1996. Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter. In: Sparks DL, Page AL, etc. (eds), Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 3. Chemical methods.Wisconsin, WI, USA: Soil Science Society of America Book Series, 5, 961−1010
- S. D. Bao, 2000. Soil and agricultural chemistry analysis.Beijing: China Agriculture Press, p. 495.
- J. M. Bremner, 1996. Nitrogen – Total. In: Methods of Soil Analysis – Part 3 -Chemical Methods (Ed.: D.L. Sparks) Madison, Wisconsin, USA: Soil Science Society of America, American Society of Agronomy.pp. 1085-1121
- B.V. Subbiah, G. L. Asija, 1956. A rapid procedure for the determination of the available nitrogen in the soil.CurrSci 25:259–260
- P. Goovaerts, G. AvRuskin, J. Meliker, Slotnick, M. G. Jacquez, J. Nriagu, 2005. Geostatisticalmodelling of the spatial variability of arsenic in groundwater of southeast Michigan. Water Resour. Res. 41, W07013.
- I. Bogunovic, M. Mesic, Z. Zgorelec, A. Jurisic & D. Bilandzija, 2014.Spatial variation of soil nutrients on sandy-loam soil. Soil and Tillage Research, 144, 174-183
- W. Fu, H. Tunney, C. Zhang, 2010.Spatial variation of soil nutrients in a dairy farmand its implications for site-specific fertilizer application.Soil Tillage Res. 106,185–193.
- D. McGrath, C. Zhang, O.T. Carton, 2004. Geostatistical analysis and hazard assessment 581 on soil lead in Silvermines area, Ireland. Environ. Pollut. 127,239–248.
- A. Gallardo, R. Paramá, 2007. Spatial variability of soil elements in two plant communities of NW Spain.Geoderma 139 (1), 199–208.
- V.G.D. Nayanaka, W.A.U. Vitharana, R.B. Mapa Geostatistical Analysis of Soil Properties to Support Spatial Sampling ina Paddy Growing Alfisol. Tropical Agricultural Research Vol. 22 (1): 34 - 44 (2010).
- C.A. Cambardella, J.M. Moorman, T.B. Navak, D.L. Parkin, R.F. Karlen, A.E. TurcoandKonopka, 1994.Field Scale Variability of Soil Properties in Central LowaSoils.J.Soil Sci. Soc. of Am. 58, 1501 - 1511.
- TP Robinson, G.M. Metternicht 2006. Testing the performance of spatial interpolation techniques for mapping soil properties. Computer and Electeronics in Agriculture, 50, 97-108
- Y. Li, Z. Shi, C. F. Wu, H. X. Li, F. Li, 2007. Improved prediction and reduction of sampling density for soil salinity by different geostatistical methods. Agricultural Sciences in China, 6, 832841.
- K. Johnston, J.M. Ver, Hoef, K. Krivoruchko, Lucas, N. 2001. Using ArcGIS Geostatistical Analyst. ESRI Press: Redlands, CA.
- ESRI., 2001. Using ArcGIS Geostatistical Analyst. ESRI Press:Redlands, CA.
- Y Xie, T Chen, M Lei, J Yang (2011) Spatial distribution of soil heavy metal pollution estimated by different interpolation methods: accuracy and uncertainty analysis. Chemosphere 82:468–476
- V. Barnett, T. Lewis, 1994.Outliers in Statistical Data, third ed. Wiley, New York.Box, G.E., Cox, D.R. 1964.An analysis of transformations. J. Roy. Stat. Soc. B 26 (2), 211–252.
- A. Castrignano, L. Giugliarini, R. Risaliti, N. Martinelli, 2000. Study of spatial relationships among some soil physico–chemical properties of afield in central Italy using multivariate geostatistics. Geoderma 97 (1), 39–60.
- K.M.A. Kendaragama, K.M. Seniviratne Banda, and P.T. Bandara, 2003. Influence ofRice Crop Phosphorous Availability in Relation to Phosphorous Fertilizer Application.Annuals of Sri Lanka Department of Agriculture. 5, 129-141.
- C.K. Chung, S.K. Chong, E.C. Varsa, 1995. Sampling strategies for fertility on a stoysilt loam soil. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant 26 (5–6), 741–763.
- J.M.B. Parfitt, L.C. Timm, E.A. Pauletto, R.O.D. Sousa, D.D. Castilhos, C.L.D. Avila, N.L. Reckziegel, 2009. Spatial variability of the chemical, physical and biologicalproperties in lowland cultivated with irrigated rice. Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo 33 (4),819– 830.
- A.P. Mallarino, D.B. Beegle, B.C. Joern, 2006. Soil sampling methods for phosphorus: spatial concerns. A SERA-17 position paper.
- S. Sokoti, M. Mahdian, Sh. Mahmoodi, A. Ghahramani, 2006.Comparing the applicability of some geostatisticsmethods to predict soil salinity, a case study of Urmiaplain.Pajuhesh and Sazandegi 74:90-98 (In Persian).
- M. Zare-Mehrjardi, R. Taghizadehmehrjardi, A. Akbarzadeh, 2010. Evaluation of Geostatistical Techniques for Mapping SpatialDistribution of Soil PH, Salinity and Plant Cover Affected by Environmental Factors in Southern Iran. Not SciBiol 2 (4), 92-103
- On the Parallelism of Curve-Lines
Abstract Views :199 |
PDF Views:5
Authors
Affiliations
1 Haripal G.D.Institution,Khamarchandi, 712405, Hooghly, WB, India and Indian Centre for Space-Physics,Kolkata, IN
1 Haripal G.D.Institution,Khamarchandi, 712405, Hooghly, WB, India and Indian Centre for Space-Physics,Kolkata, IN
Source
Indian Science Cruiser, Vol 32, No 5 (2018), Pagination: 57-59Abstract
In this small article the author tries to examine critically the possibility of curve-lines being parallel to each other.- A school-Level Experiment with Simple Pendulum and its Consequences
Abstract Views :338 |
PDF Views:3
Authors
Affiliations
1 Haripal G.D.Institution, Khamarchandi,712405, Hooghly,W.B. & Indian Centre for Space Physics, Kolkata,W.B., IN
1 Haripal G.D.Institution, Khamarchandi,712405, Hooghly,W.B. & Indian Centre for Space Physics, Kolkata,W.B., IN
Source
Indian Science Cruiser, Vol 33, No 2 (2019), Pagination: 33-38Abstract
A ‘Simple Pendulum(SP)’ is a multifaceted subject of study and is perhaps the most significant means of experimentally understanding a large number of properties of a Simple Harmonic Oscillation(S.H.O.),a Damped Harmonic Oscillation(D.H.O.),and a Forced Harmonic Oscillation(F.H.O.) at the Higher Secondary level. Many people [1-8] have studied various properties of S.H.O.and some mention about the gradual decay of amplitude of oscillation. In this paper an experiment on the decay of mechanical energy of a normally oscillating SP is presented and a near-appropriate explanation of the result obtained therein is aimed at.References
- ''The simple pendulum; not so simple after all'', H.P.Kaumudi, V.Natarajan, Resonance, India, April 2009, pp.357-366
- ''Basic Theory of Oscillation'' V.V.Migullin, V.Medvedev, E.Mustel, V.Paryan Mir Publisher, Moscow, 1983
- "The Mathematics of Physics and Chemistry" H.Mergenau & G.M.Murphy, Affiliated East West Press Pvt. Ltd.,New Delhi,India ,1971
- "Physics-Part I", R.Resnick & D.Halliday,Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi, India,1987
- "Differential and Integral Calculus" N.Piskunov, Vol.2 , Mir Publisher, Moscow,1977
- "Concept of Physics-Part I" H.C.Verma ,Bharti Bhawan, New Delhi, India, 2015
- "Higher Mathematics for Engineers and Physicists" I.S.Sokolonikoff, E.S.Sokolonikoff, McGrawHill Book Company, New York and CGNB, 1941
- "How Simple is Simple Pendulum" P.Arun, N.Gaur, "Physics Education" (India) Oct.-Dec., 2002,pp.185-191
- Refraction of Light in Liquid-Prism and Determination of Refractive Index of Different Liquid
Abstract Views :327 |
PDF Views:3
Authors
Affiliations
1 P.O.-Khamarchandi, PIN: 712405, Dist. Hooghly,W.B., IN
1 P.O.-Khamarchandi, PIN: 712405, Dist. Hooghly,W.B., IN
Source
Indian Science Cruiser, Vol 33, No 5 (2019), Pagination: 33-40Abstract
Prisms made of transparent thin glass-walls and full of liquid under consideration were taken and experiment for refraction of light through them by means of school–level process with pins were performed for six different angels of incidences in each case.From the thenceforth obtained data graphs of angle of deviation versus angle of incidence were drawn from which the angle of minimum deviation(δm) for each liquid were obtained.Putting these obtained values of ‘ δm’ and measured value of refracting angle of respective prism in the well-known formula for refractive index the same was obtained in each case.Keywords
Refraction, Prism, Refractive Index.References
- Determination of Refractive Index of a liquid using Lensmakers’ formula, R. Chattopadhyay, Physics Education (IAPT E-journal) Vol. 33, No.1 (2017) pp.1-6
- Refractive Index and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra of Virgin Coconut Oil and Virgin Olive Oil,W.M.M.Yunus,Y.W.Fen,L.M.Yee,American Journal of Applied Sciences,6(2), (2009) 328-331.
- Brief Discussions on Elastic Force Relating to Different Types of Potential Energy Function and on the Physical Aspects of the Experiment to Determine Spring Constant of a Spring
Abstract Views :207 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Haripal G.D. Institution, Hooghly- 712405, West Bengal, India & Indian Centre for Space Physics, Kolkata, IN
1 Haripal G.D. Institution, Hooghly- 712405, West Bengal, India & Indian Centre for Space Physics, Kolkata, IN
Source
Indian Science Cruiser, Vol 35, No 4 (2021), Pagination: 51-55Abstract
Elastic force of material is demonstrated through the choice of some kind of potential and consequently force of interaction is derived, considering its equivalence with a diatomic molecule. Some insight about the experiment of determining spring constant of a spring is presented. Theoretical preliminaries discussed here are mainly meant for pedagogic values.Keywords
Elastic Force, Spring, Potential Energy Function, Spring Constant.References
- R Hooke , Lectures; De Potentia Restitutiva, John Martyn Printer to the Royal Society, London, page 1-10, 1678.
- A E H Love, A Treatise on the Mathematical Theory of Elasticity, Vol.1, Cambridge University Press, page 3-20, 1802.
- Notes on Intermolecular interactions and Potentials, Mechanical Department, IIT, Guwahati.
- D Roylance, Atomistic Basis of Elasticity, Course Lecture Note, http://web.mit.Edu>www>handout, MIT, Cambridge, page 1-4, 2000.
- C Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics , Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi, 5th Edition, page 80-90, 1992.
- S Widnall, J Peraire, Lecture L-13, Conservative Internal Force and Potential Energy, Dynamics, Fall 2008, version 2, page 11-12, 2008.
- N Piskunov, Differential and Integral Calculus, Vol.1, Mir Publishers, Moscow, page 312-313, 1977.
- D P Roychowdhury, General Properties of Matter (Bengali Version), West Bengal State Book Board, page 336-337, 1977.
- W H Bassichis, A Simple Model of Initial Torsion in Springs, The Physics Teacher, Vol.57, September, page 401-402, 2019.
- R H Budynas, J K Nisbett, Mechanical Spring, Ch.10, Shisley’s Mechanical Engineering Design, McGraw Hill Education, page 7-30, 95-110, 2015.
- SOME IDEA ON A NEW THEORY OF EVOLUTION THEORY OF COHERENT MUTATION
Abstract Views :109 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Source
Indian Science Cruiser, Vol 15, No 4 (2001), Pagination: 20-23Abstract
No Abstract.Keywords
No keywords- An Introductory Account of Cosmic Ray
Abstract Views :124 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Physics Department, Haripal G D Institution, Hooghiy, West Bengal, IN
1 Physics Department, Haripal G D Institution, Hooghiy, West Bengal, IN
Source
Indian Science Cruiser, Vol 19, No 3 (2005), Pagination: 23-38Abstract
While performing experiment with charged electroscope in 1900 Elster, Geitel and C T R Wilson jointly observed that even if it is left standing on a good insulating stand a charged electroscope gets discharged completely after a certain interval. Although an obvious explanation that came immediately after the observation was that a steady inflow of tiny charged particles coming Irom any external source and penetrating through the container wall reach the diverged leaves and discharge them the exact location and the entity of that external source remained obscure for an appreciably long period of time. By then it was a well icnown fact that there exists a steady potential gradient from the Earth's surface outward in which a small atmospheric current of the order of picoampere persists. But that much of current could not account for the time rate of discharging of the electroscope properly. Henceforth a much stronger external source of electrically charged particles was being searched for. That time there were three distinct possibilities in all, [1-4]Keywords
No Keywords.References
- J. B. Rajam, 'Atomic Physics', S. Chand & Company Ltd. New Delhi, (2000)
- S. N. Ghoshal, 'Atomic and Nuclear physics', vol. l&U (2001 &2000) S. Chand & Company Ltd. New Delhi.
- Yu. M. Shirokov and N.P. Yudin, 'Nuclear Physics' (vol. I & II) Translated by M. Samokhav, Mir Publisher, Moscow, (1982) 4. The Mc Graw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1992
- Le Prince Ringuet L., 'Cosmic Rays', Prentice Hall (1950)
- Vallarta, "On The allowed cone of cosmic radiation", Phys. Rev. 74, 1837 (1949)
- B. Rossi, "Interpretation of Cosmic Ray , Phenomena", Rev. Mod. phys. 20537 (1949)
- E. Fermi, "On the origin of the cosmic radiation", Phys. Rev. 75, 1169-1174 (1949)
- J.A. Ratcliffe, "Physics of the Upper Atmosphere", Academic Press, New York (1960)
- R. S. Yadav, Badruddin, N. K. Sharma, "Effects of two types of solar-wind streams on cosmic ray intensity" Ind. J. Phys, 68B (1), 9(1994)
- E. Rasetti, "Elements of Nuclear Physics", Prentice Hall, (1986)
- T. Murayama, K. Maezawa and K. Hakamada, 'Proc. 16th Int. Cosmic Ray Physics' (1949)
- R. K. Singh, M. N. Vahia and N. Durgaprasad, "Cosmic Ray Distribution in the Near-earth Space" Phys. Edu. Vol. 12. No. 1 (1995) pp. 44-61
- H.A.Bethe, "Elementary Nuclear Theory", Wiley (1947)
- G. Srinivasan, V. Radhakrishnan Ed. 'Supernovae, their progenitors and remnants', The India Academy of Sciences, Bangalore (1985)
- R. Hanbury Brown Ed. 'Photon Galaxies and Stars', Indian Academy of Sciences, Bangalore (1985)
- W.S.Goldberg and M.D. Scadron, 'Physics of Stellar Evolution and Cosmology' Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New York, (1986)
- J. V. Narlikar, "The Primeaval Universe" (1988) and "The Structure of the Universe" (1977), Oxford, New York, Oxford University Press.
- G Gamowand C. L. Critchfield. Theory of Atomic Nucleus and Nuclear energy sources; Oxford at the Clarendon press, (1950)
- C. Stormer, "Sur les trajectories des corpusculer electrises dans I'espace sous Taction du magnetisme terrestre avec application aux aurores boreales". Arch, sci. phys. et. nat. Geneve, 33,51-69, 113150 (1912).